Preamble

This is a living document initially publised on the 17th of October, the publication date shown reflects the latest update.

What follows is an overview of what might make a good combination of supplements that will allow an individu al to "prepare their terrain" and mount a good defense in case of a Covid infection. This should not be take n as medical advice and is provided for education value. You should do your own homework, and consult with y our physician as to what supplement levels are appropriate for your geographical presence, wellbeing, lifest yle, gender and choice of diet.

In theory, the supplements proposed carry little risk to the individual based on well established track reco rds, more often than not, spanning decades.

That said, I am not a physician and the internet is not always truthful. Basing medical decisions on the mea ndering of a random stranger should be done with great care. See the Disclaimer.

I have compiled the following based on various discussions, articles and videos. There is little original thought here and I do not claim there to be. Links will be provided in a best-effort manner.

Use your search engine and broaden your mind or start your journey here: https://c19early.com/

Read to the end, nothing is without a degree of risk (even if you consider them small).

"We have been brainwashed into thinking vitamins are no big deal, they are dangerous, they are chemicals , they will mess you up if you don't know what you are doing with them." -Dr. Stasha Gominak

The Stack

Budget Edition

In discussions, the idea of a budget stack was raised for government rollout use, low income families and those averse to having to take a high number of pills. The following, combined with a healthy diet, is o ffered for consideration.

Supplement	Amount	When	Upper Limit	Notes
Vitamin C	500 - 1000mg	M/E	3000mg	(Twice, Daily)
Vitamin D	5000 - 10,000IU	L	10000IU (ES)	Take with care.
Vitamin K	100 - 200mcg	L
Zinc	25 - 45mg	E	50mg	Take with care.

M: Morning | L: Lunch | E: Evening | ES: Endocrine Society

The Works

Supplement	Amount	When	Upper Limit	Notes
Vitamin C	500 - 1000mg	M/E	3000mg	(Twice, Daily)
Vitamin D	5000 - 10,000IU	L	10000IU (ES)	Take with care.
Vitamin K	100 - 200mcg	L
Magnesium	400mg	L	1000mg
Zinc	25 - 45mg	E	50mg	Take with care.
Selenium	100mcg	M	400mcg	Take with care.
NAC	500 - 1000mg	M/L	1800mg
Glutathione	500mg	L/E	1400mg
Quercetin	1000mg	E	1500mg
Natto Serra	-	E		See Below.

M: Morning | L: Lunch | E: Evening | ES: Endocrine Society

Bonus Supplements

Supplement	Amount	Upper Limit	Notes
L-Lysine	1000mg	8000mg
PQQ	10mg	20mg
CoQ-10	200mg	600mg
Melatonin	10mg	12mg	See Below.

Pending Supplements

Supplement	Amount	Upper Limit	Notes
Vitamin B	-	-	-
Niacin	-	-	-
Tryptophan	-	-	-
L-arginine	-	-	-

TL;DR;

(NN.: Everything you could possibly want to know with 300+ citations.)

Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory roles of vitamins in COVID-19 therapy

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0223523422000770

My result

I started my personal research into Covid-19 in April 2021 and compiled this supplement stack early on. I proceeded to have bloodwork done first and discussed the results and research with my physician. In shor t, while my physician could not comment on the efficacy of preventing Covid-19 with this stack, the gener al consensus was it should give a healthy boost to the immune system related functions of the body. As lo ng as upper limits are not exceeded any (long-term) harm should be non-existent or be minimal.

Cleared for experimentation, I have been taking the following over the past 6 months. Overall I have regu lar sleep, apppetite is normal, energy levels are good. No issues with finishing sets and reps at the gym . (Every other day is gym day.)

February 2022

I am perfectly fine, despite supplementing with what would be considered to be high dosage levels now 8 m onths on. My December '21 medical results certify me as being a "healthy human" within known clinical ben chmarks. Vitamin D levels > 130nmol/L.

Moved Magnesium to Lunch time, Zinc to Evening. Seems to assist in sleep initiation.

Theory

There is still much debate on how effective and safe the current available vaccines are. In the spirit of "preparing your terrain", a supplement stack is a relatively safe way to improve the chances of dealing with Covid and minimizing potential harm from the vaccine. It may take 7 - 10 days before the benefits of supplementation start to show.

If you have been asked (((coerced))) to have the vaccine, start with this stack atleast 2 weeks beforehan d and continue afterwards, try to stay home 2 weeks afterwards as well, this should in theory minimize an y happenstances. You will be most at risk from Covid in the days immediately after vaccination.

There is a lot of emphasis on supplements that aid cardiovascular health. My reasoning here is, that Covi d starts as a respiratory virus and as it settles in becomes a cardiovascular problem. In particular, spi ke proteins causing micro-clotting in lung and brain capillaries and untreatable heart damage.

Again, I am not a medical professional, I just follow the data. Seek professional guidance.

Protip: If you are male and a fan of pornography, keep in mind that when you discharge your energy consta ntly, you are draining your body of important trace minerals that are of vital importance to your immune system and bodily health. (NoFap is not entirely a meme.)

Papers

Early effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination with BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine and ChAdOx1 adenovirus vector vacc ine on symptomatic disease, hospitalisations and mortality in older adults in England

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2021/03/02/2021.03.01.21252652.full.pdf

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.03.01.21252652v1

COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease: from basic mechanisms to clinical perspectives

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41569-020-0413-9

Zinc, Vitamin D and Vitamin C: Perspectives for COVID-19 With a Focus on Physical Tissue Barrier Integrit y

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7750357/

Role of vitamins and minerals as immunity boosters in COVID-19

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8190991/

A cohort study to evaluate the effect of combination Vitamin D, Magnesium and Vitamin B12 (DMB) on progre ssion to severe outcome in older COVID-19 patients

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.06.01.20112334v2

On Ivermectin

I am confident that Ivermectin has multiple beneficial properties at this point in time. Unfortunately it has become unobtainium in Australia and New Zealand through legitimate methods. I hope the narrative sur rounding it changes in the short term, as right now any discussion is quickly shut down.

Australian Professor Borody released a treatment protocol in August 2020, however this has gotten very li ttle discussion in the mainstream press or government departments.

I may collate more information on Ivermectin at a later point in time. For now I want to focus on readily available options on this side of the globe.

Papers

Ivermectin papers and meta analysis

https://c19ivermectin.com/

Ivermectin: a multifaceted drug of Nobel prize-honoured distinction with indicated efficacy against a new global scourge, COVID-19

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2052297521000883

Web

Ivermectin Triple Therapy Protocol for COVID-19 Released to Australian GPs for Infected Elderly and Front line Workers

https://www.nasdaq.com/press-release/ivermectin-triple-therapy-protocol-for-covid-19-released-to-australi an-gps-for

On Alternatives

This is still what I would consider "early days" but the suggestion has been made that the following may have similar helpful effects.

Papers

The Paradox of the Low Prevalence of Current Smokers Among COVID-19 Patients Hospitalized in Nonintensive Care Wards: Results From an Italian Multicenter Case–Control Study

https://academic.oup.com/ntr/article/23/8/1436/5910167

Nicotine effects on polymorphonuclear cell apoptosis and lipopolysaccharide-induced monocyte functions. A possible role in periodontal disease?

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11246702/

Heavy Cannabis Use Associated With Reduction in Activated and Inflammatory Immune Cell Frequencies in Ant iretroviral Therapy–Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Individuals

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6248381/

Cannabidiol induced apoptosis in human monocytes through mitochondrial permeability transition pore-media ted ROS production

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29940353/

Hydration and Sleep

Drink enough water, you probably aren't drinking enough anyway.

Get enough Sleep, the body needs downtime to do maintenance.

Papers

Water, Hydration and Health

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2908954/

Sleep and immune function

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3256323/

Sleep and Metabolism: An Overview

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2929498/

The Stack, in Detail

Vitamin B

Work in progress, promising early indications.

Papers

Be well: A potential role for vitamin B in COVID-19

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC7428453/

Evaluation of thiamine as adjunctive therapy in COVID-19 critically ill patients: a two-center propensity score matched study

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC8242279/

Web

The Role of Thiamin in High Calorie Malnutrition

https://austinpublishinggroup.com/nutrition-food-sciences/fulltext/ajnfs-v3-id1061.php

Vitamin C

Somewhere along the evolutionary path we lost the ability to synthesize Vitamin C in our own body so the human body is dependent on it from external sources.

While more expensive, have a look at Liposomal Vitamin C rather then the usual pill form as it offers a b etter absorption ratio.

"It is important to remember that preventing and treating respiratory infections with large amounts of vitamin C is well established. Those who believe that vitamin C generally has merit, but massive doses are ineffective or somehow harmful, will do well to read the original papers for themselves." - Andrew W. Saul, first paper cited below.

Class

Immune System, Oxidative Stress

Side Effects

Primarily abdominal cramps if too high a dosage is consumed and usual suspects. (Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiti ng, Heartburn, Headache, Insomnia.)

Papers

Vitamin C Protects Against Coronavirus

http://orthomolecular.org/resources/omns/v16n04.shtml

Papers (Interesting)

Vitamin C, Pain and Opioid Use Disorder

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7572147/

Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) effects on withdrawal syndrome of heroin abusers

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10836211/

Video

(2015) Lecture on Vitamin C, by Suzanne Humphries

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y0LLX0sgwAU

(2010) NZ Farmer Beats Swine Flu With Vitamin C

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GApXBaZuw14

Vitamin D

Also known as "The Sunshine Vitamin" its use by the human body falls into many broad categories. If you p rimarily work in office environments or at home you are likely Vitamin D deficient.

Considerations

Vitamin D is technically a hormone and builds up over time. The idea being that humans are engineered to bank your Vitamin D during summer for use in winter. As such, it can take months to up your levels if the y are deficient. Daily supplementation intake appears to the favoured approach vs weekly dosage.

Vitamin D is best taken in the morning or at lunch time with food. Taking Vitamin D at night may disrupt your sleep in various ways.

General consensus is that 5000IU is a "safe" dose in tandem with Vitamin K2 for absorption. If you intend to take 10,000 IU on a daily basis it is advised to have regular blood screening done to evaluate your l evels.

For Australia and New Zealand the "sufficient and average" level is considered at 50 - 60 nmol/L (20 - 24 ng/ml). Research is suggesting optimal levels are >100nmol/L (40ng/ml). With what I have been reading th ough, a person who spends all their time outside (ie. outdoor athlete, beach life saver) will be at a com fortable 125nmol/L (50ng/ml). Seeing as Vitamin D production is self limiting under natural circumstances I am inclined to believe this may be the ideal number for a healthy human being.

"However, superior benefits are observed at even greater levels. For example, only at 25(OH)D levels >40 ng/mL, does vitamin D begin to be stored in the muscle and fat for future use." - Ogan, D., & Pritchett , K. (2013).

Class

Immune System, Bone, Muscles, Weight Management

Side Effects

If too high a dosage is taken Vitamin D toxicity occurs with the usual suspects. (Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomit ing, Heartburn, Headache, Insomnia.)

If left untreated, buildup of calcium in blood (hypercalcemia), bone and kidney problems.

Papers

(NN.: Highly recommended read. Covers more then just Covid.)

A Basic Review of the Preliminary Evidence That COVID-19 Risk and Severity Is Increased in Vitamin D Defi ciency

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00513/full

Vitamin D and the Athlete: Risks, Recommendations, and Benefits

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC3725481/

Monthly high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation and self-reported adverse events in a 4-year randomized cont rolled trial

https://www.clinicalnutritionjournal.com/article/S0261-5614(18)31248-2/fulltext

COVID-19 mortality risk correlates inversely with vitamin D3 status, and a mortality rate close to zero c ould theoretically be achieved at 50 ng/ml 25(OH)D3: Results of a systematic review and meta-analysis

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.22.21263977v1

Web

The Vitamin D Wiki

https://vitamindwiki.com/VitaminDWiki

The importance of Vitamin D for Athletes

https://www.gssiweb.org/sports-science-exchange/article/sse-148-the-importance-of-vitamin-d-for-athletes

(NN.: Amazing article by Heather Heying, co-host of the Darkhorse Podcast.)

Vitamin D Deficiency and Covid-19: Make D While the Sun Shines (And when the sun doesn’t shine, supplemen t)

https://naturalselections.substack.com/p/vitamind

Roll Call of Credible Experts Advocating Vitamin D for COVID-19

https://vitamindforall.org/rollcall.html

Videos

High Intensity Health: Vitamin D, Deep sleep & Gut Bacteria w/ Dr. Stasha Gominak

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=74F22bjBmqE

Vitamin K

My best interpretation is that Vitamin K is "glue". Being responsible for binding calcium to bones and is thus important for bone health. It is also suggested that Vitamin K helps Vitamin D absorption thus lowe ring toxicity risks.

Class

Immune System, Bone, Cardiovascular, Brain

Side Effects

There is no specified Upper Intake Level from what I could find. Any deleterious effects are rare or happ en in combination with other specific medicine.

Papers

Vitamin D toxicity redefined: Vitamin K and the molecular mechanism

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306987706007171

Vitamin K metabolism as the potential missing link between lung damage and thromboembolism in Coronavirus disease 2019

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33023681/

Magnesium

Magnesium is an important trace mineral that seems to have broad applicability in order to achieve optima l health. From what I understand many bodily sub-systems utilize Magnesium and it is worth reading up on.

While there are multiple varieties available, consensus among my peers is that Magnesium Glycinate offers the best benefits. In particular in regards to sleep and anti-inflammatory properties. Remember to do yo ur homework.

Side Effects

If too high a dosage is consumed, the usual suspects. (Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting, Heartburn, Headache, I nsomnia.)

Class

Immune System, Bone, Skin, Cardiovascular, Brain, Sleep, PMS

Papers

Populations in Low-Magnesium Areas Were Associated with Higher Risk of Infection in COVID-19’s Early Tran smission: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study in the United States

https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/4/909

Possible roles of magnesium on the immune system

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14506478/

Zinc

Zinc is an important trace mineral that, much like Magnesium, seems to have broad applicability in order to achieve optimal health.

While a little more expensive, Zinc Picolinate is considered to have the best absorption rate.

Class

Immune system, Vision, Cardiovascular, Testosterone

Side Effects

Do not go above the Upper Intake Level of 50mg, prolonged high dosage may cause copper (and other trace m ineral) absorption issues.

Some people may experience an allergic reaction.

Papers

The Potential Impact of Zinc Supplementation on COVID-19 Pathogenesis

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC7365891/

Zinc for the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 and other acute viral respiratory infections: a rapid review

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7395818/

Zinc 2+ ion inhibits SARS-CoV-2 main protease and viral replication in vitro

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34514483/

COVID-19: Poor outcomes in patients with zinc deficiency

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32920234/

Selenium

Selenium is a trace mineral not produced by the body and is found in foods such as Brazil nuts and sunflo wer seeds. It is suggested to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties and helps the immune s ystem much like Zinc does.

Some parts of the world are more bountiful in Selenium than others, so you may already receive enough fro m your diet. You may or may not need this supplement.

Class

Immune System, Thyroid Health, Mineral Processing

Side Effects

Like Zinc, do not exceed the upper limit.

If too high a dosage is consumed, the usual suspects. (Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting, Heartburn, Headache, I nsomnia.)

Papers

Selenium supplementation in the prevention of coronavirus infections (COVID-19)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7246001/

Selenium (Se) plays a key role in the biological effects of some viruses: Implications for COVID-19

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7937041/

Web

Selenium supplementation has beneficial and detrimental effects on immunity to influenza vaccine in older adults

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261561415003404

N-acetylcysteine (NAC)

NAC is an amino acid that assists in the production of Glutathione. It is popular amongst fitness people to improve performance and recovery. Early research shows it may be beneficial for compulsive and bipolar disorders.

It is also suggested that NAC, as the precursor to Glutathione, is helpful as a detox protocol for Graphe ne Oxide.

Class

Immune System, Free Radicals, Anti-Inflammatory, Cardiovascular, Brain

Side Effects

If too high a dosage is consumed, the usual suspects. (Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting, Heartburn, Headache, I nsomnia.)

Special Note

Depending on the vendor the following notice may or may not be present on the label, bottle or bag:

"Prolonged or elevated intake may alter liver function tests. Inform your physician that you are ingestin g NAC if you undergo liver function tests. If you have a medical condition, are pregnant, lactating, tryi ng to conceive, under the age of 18, or taking medications, consult your healthcare professional before u sing this product."

Legal Status

Acetylcysteine was discovered in the early 60's and had little to no restrictions. In America however, th e FDA banned the sale of NAC as a supplement as per July 2020. It is suggested this was due to the emerge ncy authorisation for the initial vaccines, and NAC was considered a "cure for Covid."

Thankfully the rest of the world did not follow this same path.

Papers

Therapeutic potential of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) in preventing cytokine storm in COVID-19: review of curr ent evidence

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33829465/

Biocompatible N-acetyl cysteine reduces graphene oxide and persists at the surface as a green radical sca venger

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30892320/

Videos

MedCram: "NAC" Supplementation and COVID-19 (N-Acetylcysteine)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dr_6w-WPr0w

Glutathione

Copying from Wikipedia: "Glutathione is capable of preventing damage to important cellular components cau sed by reactive oxygen species such as free radicals, peroxides, lipid peroxides, and heavy metals."

Also, it appears Mitochondria like Glutathione, healthy Mitochondria go a long way for optimum health.

Tip: "Glutathione is one of the major antioxidants present in the lung."

Protip: Paracetamol depletes Glutathione stores. Paracetamol would be a very bad idea when you have contr acted Covid.

Class

Free Radicals, Antioxidant, Cardiovascular

Side Effects

Some people may experience an allergic reaction.

Papers

The Effect of Glutamine Supplementation on Serum Levels of Some Inflammatory Factors, Oxidative Stress, a nd Appetite in COVID-19 Patients: A Case-Control Study

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-748690/v1

Comorbidity-associated glutamine deficiency is a predisposition to severe COVID-19

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41418-021-00892-y

The impact of therapeutic doses of paracetamol on serum total antioxidant capacity

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12911681/

Endogenous Deficiency of Glutathione as the Most Likely Cause of Serious Manifestations and Death in COVI D-19 Patients

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7263077/

Web

Glutathione: the Detox Antioxidant

https://paleoleap.com/glutathione-the-detox-antioxidant/

Videos

MedCram: Glutathione Deficiency, Oxidative Stress, and COVID 19

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtL0B1bqXak

Quercetin

Quercetin, and by that extent Bromelain, have seen little research but it is accepted to have antioxidati ve properties and good for heart health.

Class

Immune system, Free Radical Scavenger, Cardiovascular

Side Effects

Some people may experience an allergic reaction.

Papers

Bromelain inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection via targeting ACE-2, TMPRSS2, and spike protein

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33635001/

Perspectives on plant flavonoid quercetin-based drugs for novel SARS-CoV-2

https://bjbas.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s43088-021-00107-w

Oral Quercetin in Adult Patients as a Potential Nutraceutical against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

https://journaljamps.com/index.php/JAMPS/article/view/30222

Nattokinase / Serropeptase

Nattokinase is considered a cardiovascular folk remedy in Japan. Serropeptase is considered beneficial for pain and inflammation.

Class

Anti-Inflammation / Body Clean Up

Side Effects

Considered "Safe".

May lower blood pressure, suggestions are made to stop taking at least 2 weeks before having surgery.

Papers

Serratiopeptidase, A Serine Protease Anti-Inflammatory, Fibrinolytic, and Mucolytic Drug, Can Be a Useful Adjuvant for Management in COVID-19

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8265778/

Nattokinase: An Oral Antithrombotic Agent for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5372539/

Bonus Round

The following are for the supplement Connoisseur. If you have gotten this far, you probably already have some idea of the benefits have can offer.

Melatonin

The sandman hormone released by the pineal gland. Important for our circadian rhythnm and early research is showing immune system and antioxidant properties. Following this one with great interest.

Class

Immune System, Antioxidant, Sleep

Side Effects

Considered "Relatively Safe"

Should be taken with care as it may disrupt natural melatonin production over time if taken consistently. Causes drowsiness at higher doses, thus best taken before going to bed.

Papers

Clinical Trials for Use of Melatonin to Fight against COVID-19 Are Urgently Needed

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7551551/

Melatonin as an antioxidant: under promises but over delivers

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jpi.12360

Melatonin and its influence on immune system

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18212405/

Melatonin: an ancient molecule that makes oxygen metabolically tolerable

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jpi.12267

COVID-19: Rational discovery of the therapeutic potential of Melatonin as a SARS-CoV-2 main Protease Inhi bitor

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32922174/

Melatonin for the Early Treatment of COVID-19: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence and Possible Effica cy

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC8190272/

Web

Melatonin Research

https://www.melatonin-research.net/

Melatonin in Inflammation, Autoimmune Diseases & Immunity

https://selfhacked.com/blog/melatonin-th1-th2-inflammation-autoimmune-diseases/

Melatonin improves sleep, & sleep is valuable

https://www.gwern.net/Melatonin

Videos

Dr. Richard Neel's presentation: May 10, 2021 High Dose Melatonin

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oFsjVH596W0

MedCram: Insomnia Explained Clearly - Causes, Pathophysiology & Treatment

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdc8JonEax8

PQQ / CoQ-10

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), is consider the "longevity vitamin" and there is still much debate about its requirement in the human body.

Coenzyme Q10, is often touted for its anti-inflammatory properties. I got it recommended for cardiovascul ar health and its free radical scavenging powers.

Side Effects

PQQ has little data.

For COQ-10, if too high a dosage is consumed, the usual suspects. (Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting, Heartburn, Headache, Insomnia.)

Class

Cardiovascular, Energy, Oxidation, Bad-LDL

Papers

Recent progress in studies on the health benefits of pyrroloquinoline quinone

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26168402/

Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation in Aging and Disease

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29459830/

L-Lysine

Most bottles will say "Essential Amino Acid". I've been taking L-Lysine on the premise of keeping my eyes healthy. There are claims that it can prevent or delay the onset of cataracts. There are early indicatio ns that it may also be beneficial for overall health and the immune system.

Class

Immune System, Collagen, Metabolism, Pre-Carnitine

Side Effects

Some people may experience an allergic reaction.

If too high a dosage is consumed, the usual suspects. (Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting, Heartburn, Headache, I nsomnia.)

Papers

Effects of Basic Amino Acids and Their Derivatives on SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza-A Virus Infection

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34372507/

Web

L-Lysine: Benefits, the Right Dosage, and Warnings

https://1md.org/health-guide/immunity/ingredients/immune-l-lysine

4 Impressive Health Benefits of Lysine

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/lysine-benefits

Limitations

The Papers and Web links provided are put here on a best effort basis. The papers in particular, are a mi x of preprint and well cited ones. At times they are picked on a "sounds logical and sensible" approach o r having been provided a link on referral.

Acknowledgements

With much appreciation to the work of Chris Martenson, Covid19Crusher and various other Internet sources and discussions.

To the Anon's out there who helped, thank you.

What now?

Do your homework, make a list, visit your physician, discuss what is appropriate for your body.

Take a moment to read my Disclaimer.